Evergreen

Guide to Jewish Food Terms

Commonly used words and phrases for "noshers" and "fressers."

The Tosafot

The Tosafists continued the conversation with their glosses on the text of the Talmud.

Cantillation: Chanting, or Leyning, the Bible

Today the Bible is chanted in synagogues with an intricate musical system, but the practice began with one man projecting in a marketplace.

Synagogue Music in the Modern Era

Changes are taking place in the leadership, participation, melodies, and instruments that are found in the synagogue.

Hasidism’s Many Critics: Mitnagdim and Maskilim

Traditionalists as well as modernists opposed Hasidism on social, theological and cultural grounds.

Hasidic Movement: A History

This Orthodox spiritual revivalist movement emerged in 18th-century Eastern Europe.

False Messiahs

What prompted Jewish messianic zeal in the 16th and 17th centuries?

Early Modern Jewish History

When did the modern era begin for Jews?

Spinoza

One of the most significant figures in the history of philosophy, Spinoza was excommunicated by the Jewish community.

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