Jews in Middle Ages

Pirates and plague loomed, and prized possessions sold for a pittance.

In Muslim countries, Jewish boys learned the whole range of Jewish and secular subjects.

Medieval Jewish-Christian disputations.

The seizure of power in the Maghreb by a fanatical sect disrupted the relations between Muslims and Jews.

Muslim-Jewish relations in the Middle Ages.

European Christians regulated Jewish commerce.

The learned merchant was the standard bearer of medieval Islamic civilization--and this was good for the Jews.

Manuscript illustrations, family seals, and rabbinic decisions all indicate that Jewish men in most of medieval Christian Europe wore special hats.

For the most part, Jews dressed like their neighbors. But some trends were outlawed by rabbis.

Jewish boys in Christian countries studied Jewish texts from an early age.