zionism
Questioning Zionism
Since the beginning of modern Zionism, some Jews have stood in opposition to it.
Religion Without State
Yeshayahu Leibowitz believed traditional Judaism has no precedent for a modern Jewish state like Israel.
Yeshayahu Leibowitz
This Israeli philosopher saw problems with both secular and religious Zionism.
Opposition From the Left
In viewing Judaism as a religion and not a nation, Reform Judaism saw the early Zionist movement as a threat.
Ultra-Orthodox & Anti-Zionist
While most ultra-Orthodox Jews oppose Zionism in some way, groups like Neturei Karta and the Satmar Hasidim do not recognize the modern State of Israel.
Post-Zionism
New Historians, new understandings of the past, and recent critiques of Zionist discourse
The Yishuv’s Response to Hitler and the British
How the Jews in Palestine responded to Nazi anti-Semitism and genocide, 1929-1945.
